Australia: economic data

Latest official figures on interest rates, inflation, growth, jobs, credit growth, each with its history, definition and source.

In Australia, the Australian Government 2-year bond yield rose to 4.92% in September 2026 from 3.40% in September 2025. The Australian Government 10-year bond yield rose to 5.28% in September 2026 from 4.30% in September 2025. Meanwhile, CPI inflation rose to 3.94% in Q2 2026 from 2.10% in Q2 2025. Source: RBA, ABS.

What changed in the latest readings
RBA cash rate target
4.36%
September 2026, up 0.76 pp on a year earlier
CPI inflation, change from a year earlier
3.94%
Q2 2026, up 1.85 pp on a year earlier
Real GDP growth (quarter on quarter)
0.40%
Q2 2026, down 0.40 pp on a year earlier
Unemployment rate
4.72%
September 2026, up 0.29 pp on a year earlier

Sparklines: the last ten years. Each figure links to its indicator page below.

Key figures

Of the 8 headline indicators, 7 were higher than a year earlier and 1 lower. The largest rise among the rates and ratios was in CPI inflation, change from a year earlier, up 1.85 pp to 3.94% in Q2 2026. The largest fall among the rates and ratios was in real GDP growth (quarter on quarter), down 0.40 pp to 0.40% in Q2 2026.

IndicatorLatestPeriodChange from a year earlierSource
RBA cash rate target4.36%September 2026+0.76 ppRBA
Australian Government 2-year bond yield4.92%September 2026+1.52 ppRBA
Australian Government 10-year bond yield5.28%September 2026+0.99 ppRBA
CPI inflation, change from a year earlier3.94%Q2 2026+1.85 ppABS
Real GDP growth (quarter on quarter)0.40%Q2 2026-0.40 ppABS
Unemployment rate4.72%September 2026+0.29 ppABS
Housing credit growth, 12 months7.30%August 2026+1.20 ppRBA
Non-financial business credit growth, 12 months10.90%August 2026+1.10 ppRBA

Each indicator links to its full history, definition and source. Full publisher names are in the sources section.

Interest rates

RBA cash rate target was 4.36% in September 2026, up 0.76 pp from September 2025. Over five years it ranged from 0.10% (September 2021) to 4.36% (September 2026). Over its last 12 readings it moved between 3.60% (October 2025) and 4.36% (September 2026). Its ten-year average is 2.14%, so the latest reading is above it. Australian Government 2-year bond yield was 4.92% in September 2026, up 1.52 pp from September 2025. Over five years it ranged from 0.01% (September 2021) to 4.92% (September 2026). Over its last 12 readings it moved between 3.44% (October 2025) and 4.92% (September 2026). Its ten-year average is 2.27%, so the latest reading is above it. Australian Government 10-year bond yield was 5.28% in September 2026, up 0.99 pp from September 2025. Over five years it ranged from 1.28% (September 2021) to 5.28% (September 2026). Over its last 12 readings it moved between 4.23% (October 2025) and 5.28% (September 2026). Its ten-year average is 2.93%, so the latest reading is above it.

Percent, 2016 to September 2026
RBA cash rate target, Australian Government 2-year bond yield, Australian Government 10-year bond yield since 2016-0.3%1.2%2.6%4.1%5.6%20182020202220242026Australian Government…5.3%Australian Government…4.9%RBA cash rate target4.4%RBA cash rate target, Australian Government 2-year bond yield, Australian Government 10-year bond yield since 2016-0.3%1.7%3.6%5.6%20202024
  • RBA cash rate target 4.4%
  • Australian Government 2-year bond yield 4.9%
  • Australian Government 10-year bond yield 5.3%
Source: Reserve Bank of Australia. This information is available free of charge on rba.gov.au. EconoMonitor is not affiliated with or endorsed by the RBA.

Inflation

CPI inflation, change from a year earlier was 3.94% in Q2 2026, up 1.85 pp from Q2 2025. Over five years it ranged from 2.10% (Q2 2025) to 7.86% (Q4 2022). Over its last 12 readings it moved between 2.10% (Q2 2025) and 5.31% (Q3 2023). Its ten-year average is 3.01%, so the latest reading is above it.

Percent, 2016 to September 2026
CPI inflation, change from a year earlier since 2016-0.8%1.5%3.8%6.1%8.4%20182020202220242026CPI3.9%CPI inflation, change from a year earlier since 2016-0.8%2.2%5.3%8.4%20202024
  • CPI inflation, change from a year earlier 3.9%
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Consumer Price Index (6401.0), 2026-06-30 (CC BY 4.0). Figures calculated by EconoMonitor are based on ABS data. EconoMonitor is not affiliated with or endorsed by the ABS.

Growth

Real GDP growth (quarter on quarter) was 0.40% in Q2 2026, down 0.40 pp from Q2 2025. Over five years it ranged from -1.80% (Q3 2021) to 3.70% (Q4 2021). Over its last 12 readings it moved between 0.00% (Q4 2023) and 0.90% (Q4 2025). Its ten-year average is 0.55%, so the latest reading is below it.

Percent, 2016 to September 2026
Real GDP growth (quarter on quarter) since 2016-7.4%-4.5%-1.5%1.4%4.3%20182020202220242026Real GDP growth0.4%Real GDP growth (quarter on quarter) since 2016-7.4%-3.5%0.4%4.3%20202024
  • Real GDP growth (quarter on quarter) 0.4%
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Australian National Accounts (5206.0), 2026-06-30 (CC BY 4.0). Figures calculated by EconoMonitor are based on ABS data. EconoMonitor is not affiliated with or endorsed by the ABS.

Jobs

Unemployment rate was 4.72% in September 2026, up 0.29 pp from September 2025. Over five years it ranged from 3.43% (October 2022) to 5.23% (October 2021). Over its last 12 readings it moved between 4.08% (January 2026) and 4.72% (September 2026). Its ten-year average is 4.81%, so the latest reading is below it.

Percent, 2016 to September 2026
Unemployment rate since 2016-0.4%1.6%3.7%5.8%7.9%20182020202220242026Unemployment rate4.7%Unemployment rate since 2016-0.4%2.3%5.1%7.9%20202024
  • Unemployment rate 4.7%
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Labour Force, Australia (6202.0), 2026-09-30 (CC BY 4.0). Figures calculated by EconoMonitor are based on ABS data. EconoMonitor is not affiliated with or endorsed by the ABS.

Credit growth

Housing credit growth, 12 months was 7.30% in August 2026, up 1.20 pp from August 2025. Over five years it ranged from 4.20% (September 2023) to 8.00% (March 2022). Over its last 12 readings it moved between 6.30% (September 2025) and 7.50% (April 2026). Its ten-year average is 5.46%, so the latest reading is above it. Non-financial business credit growth, 12 months was 10.90% in August 2026, up 1.10 pp from August 2025. Over five years it ranged from 2.80% (August 2021) to 13.80% (October 2022). Over its last 12 readings it moved between 9.30% (October 2025) and 11.00% (June 2026). Its ten-year average is 5.90%, so the latest reading is above it.

Percent, 2016 to September 2026
Housing credit growth, 12 months, Non-financial business credit growth, 12 months since 2016-4.1%0.6%5.4%10%15%20182020202220242026Business credit11%Housing credit7.3%Housing credit growth, 12 months, Non-financial business credit growth, 12 months since 2016-4.1%2.2%8.5%15%20202024
  • Housing credit growth, 12 months 7.3%
  • Non-financial business credit growth, 12 months 11%
Source: Reserve Bank of Australia. This information is available free of charge on rba.gov.au. EconoMonitor is not affiliated with or endorsed by the RBA.

All Australia indicators

EconoMonitor publishes 20 indicators for Australia from 2 official publishers: Reserve Bank of Australia, Australian Bureau of Statistics. The longest series, business credit (series ended June 2019), starts in January 2006; the most recent reading is for Australian Government 10-year bond yield, September 2026.

IndicatorLatestPeriodFromSourceDefinition
Australian Government 10-year bond yield5.28%September 2026May 2013RBAdefinition
Australian Government 10-year minus 2-year yield spread0.36 ppSeptember 2026September 2013RBAformula
Australian Government 2-year bond yield4.92%September 2026September 2013RBAdefinition
Business credit (series ended June 2019)A$960.0 bnJune 2019January 2006RBAdefinition
Business credit growth, 12 months (series ended June 2019)4.00%June 2019January 2006RBAdefinition
RBA cash rate target4.36%September 2026January 2006RBAdefinition
Consumer price index, all groups102.3Q2 2026Q1 2006ABSdefinition
CPI change from the previous quarter0.60%Q2 2026Q1 2006ABSdefinition
CPI inflation, change from a year earlier3.94%Q2 2026Q1 2007ABSformula
Housing creditA$2,628.5 bnAugust 2026January 2006RBAformula
Housing credit growth, 12 months7.30%August 2026January 2006RBAdefinition
Investor housing creditA$866.3 bnAugust 2026January 2006RBAdefinition
Non-financial business creditA$1,452.1 bnAugust 2026January 2006RBAdefinition
Non-financial business credit growth, 12 months10.90%August 2026January 2006RBAdefinition
Owner-occupier housing creditA$1,762.2 bnAugust 2026January 2006RBAdefinition
Real GDPA$699.5 bnQ2 2026Q1 2006ABSdefinition
Real GDP growth (quarter on quarter)0.40%Q2 2026Q1 2006ABSdefinition
Total credit (series ended June 2019)A$2,938.6 bnJune 2019January 2006RBAdefinition
Total credit excluding financial businessesA$4,250.7 bnAugust 2026January 2006RBAdefinition
Unemployment rate4.72%September 2026January 2006ABSdefinition

Questions and sources

What is the latest RBA cash rate target in Australia?

4.36% in September 2026, according to Reserve Bank of Australia.

What is the latest CPI inflation, change from a year earlier in Australia?

3.94% in Q2 2026, according to Australian Bureau of Statistics.

How often is this page updated?

Each indicator is reloaded after its official release; monthly series monthly, quarterly series quarterly. The date at the top shows the latest data on this page.

Where does the data come from?

Only from the official publishers named in each source line: Reserve Bank of Australia, Australian Bureau of Statistics. Each figure is checked against the downloaded source file before it is shown.

Sources

Reserve Bank of Australia statistical tables (Reserve Bank of Australia). Source: Reserve Bank of Australia. This information is available free of charge on rba.gov.au. EconoMonitor is not affiliated with or endorsed by the RBA.

Australian Bureau of Statistics Data API (Australian Bureau of Statistics). Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, {title}, {period} (CC BY 4.0). Figures calculated by EconoMonitor are based on ABS data. EconoMonitor is not affiliated with or endorsed by the ABS.

Data and analysis only, not financial advice. Data publishers do not endorse EconoMonitor. See the disclaimer and methodology.